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A LUN, or logical unit number, is the logical disk storage entity created within a SAN storage array for access by a host. LUNs are created so that the servers can access data storage space within the SAN.
A single LUN looks like a single "disk drive" to the server's operating system. If you connect a Windows server to a SAN and provision a LUN of 100 gigabytes (GB) to the server, then the server will "see" a new disk letter available (perhaps a D drive or E drive) for data storage of 100 GB.
More than one LUN may be needed if you use up all of the space in your 100 GB LUN and need more space. You would then provision another LUN of the required space for your application.
Also, you would need more than one LUN if you were trying to create a cluster of servers or use a high-performance database application. In both of these scenarios, it is best practice to use separate LUNs for database and log files.
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